Open Access

Table 1.

Target material model parameters for our impact simulations.

Description Boulders Target matrix
Material SiO2 SiO2
Equation of state (EOS) Tillotson(a, b) Tillotson(a, b)
Yield criterion Tensile(c) Drucker–Prager
Initial bulk modulus, A (GPa) 35.9 35.9

Drucker–Prager criterion
Cohesion, Y (Pa) 107 0
Strength at infinite pressure, Ym (GPa) 1.0 0.1
Internal friction coefficient, f 0.8 0.56

Porosity model (P − α)(d)
Initial distension, α0 1.55 1.55
Solid pressure, Ps (MPa) 40 20
Elastic pressure, Pe (MPa) 1 1
Exponent, n 2 2

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