Observed Kalliope family in the space of proper elements a_p, e_p (bottom) and sin I_p (top). It was identified via the hierarchical clustering, for the cutoff velocity υ_cut = 75 m s⁻¹. Interlopers are indicated by green circles. The mean-motion resonances 5:2, 17:7, 12:5, 4–4–1, and 7:3 are plotted with dotted lines. The extent of the 5:2 resonance is shown as the hatched area. (22) Kalliope is located in the three-body resonance 4–4–1 with Jupiter and Saturn, which explains why it is separated from the family. The iso-velocity ellipses were computed for the escape velocity υ_esc = 116 m s⁻¹ and specific values of the true anomaly and the argument of pericentre: f = 90°, 100°, 110°, ω + f = 60°, 70°, 80°.