Table 1
Simulation setups.
| Simulation setup | Timing | Computational cost | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RT (a) type | EoS type | cmax(b) (km s−1) | RT (c) freq. | Back heating | MHD (d) (s) | RT (e) (s) | Diff(f) (s) | EoS (s) | Total(g) (s) | dt (ms) | µs per (h) update | Wall time(i) (Mcore-h) |
| 4-band S | NE | 2000 | 5 | on | 0.996 | 1.486 | 1.250 | 4.697 | 8.490 | 8.89 | 57.30 | 1.38 |
| Grey A | LTE | 2000 | 5 | off | 0.645 | 0.138 | 0.048 | 0.075 | 0.980 | 8.89 | 6.61 | 0.16 |
| Grey A | LTE | 2000 | 5 | on | 0.645 | 0.393 | 0.049 | 0.075 | 1.234 | 8.89 | 8.33 | 0.20 |
| 4-band S | LTE | 2000 | 5 | on | 0.648 | 1.494 | 0.048 | 0.075 | 2.341 | 8.89 | 15.80 | 0.38 |
| 4-band S | NE | 5000 | 5 | on | 0.997 | 1.162 | 1.565 | 4.483 | 8.270 | 3.75 | 55.81 | 3.18 |
| 4-band S | NE | 1000 | 5 | on | 0.991 | 1.619 | 1.190 | 4.616 | 8.476 | 14.0 | 57.20 | 0.87 |
| 4-band S | NE | 2000 | 1 | on | 1.024 | 4.52 | 1.206 | 4.675 | 11.50 | 8.92 | 77.61 | 1.86 |
| 4-band S | NE | 2000 | 10 | on | 0.995 | 0.913 | 1.210 | 4.588 | 7.786 | 8.89 | 52.55 | 1.261 |
Notes. (a)Radiation transfer (RT) calculations are either multi-band or single frequency (grey), and include scattering effects (S) or do not (A). (b)The minimum value of the dynamically adjusted reduced speed of light. (c)The frequency (in iterations) at which the radiation field is updated. (d)MHD routines include the calculation of the RHS of the MHD equations, the div-B cleaner, and the time integration. (e)RT routines include the interpolation of the opacity tables, calculation of radiation intensities, and calculation of the radiative cooling and heating source term. (f)Calculation of the diffusive fluxes. When the NE module is turned on, this includes calls to the EoS in between directional sweeps. (g)Other routines that contribute to the total time include boundary updates, time-step synchronisation, and grid exchanges. (h)Seconds taken for one core to update one grid point. (i)Million CPU hours required to calculate one solar hour.
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