Fig. 5

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EMDs constructed from solar magnetic regions that best match the observations of Kepler-63 (on the left: 2014; on the right: 2019). The contributions to the total EMD (grey line) are from time-averaged COs (green line) and FLs (red line) from Class С to X time-averaged over their evolution. The confidence level σ within which the models are selected is given in the upper left corner of each plot. The EMDs are scaled to a larger size of the corona of Kepler-63, i.e. 30% larger than its stellar radius. The red squares are the best-fitting parameters of the X-ray spectra of Kepler-63. The black circles are the best-fitting parameters retrieved from the best-matching synthetic spectra. The filling factor for the best-matching combination of magnetic structures is given in the legend.
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