Overview of the combined power spectral densities observed by Solar Orbiter’s radio and plasma wave instrument during its first flyby at Venus. (a) The electric field spectrum, obtained by combining RPW subsystems data from LFR, TDS and TNR. (b) The magnetic field spectrum, obtained by combining RPW subsystems data from LFR and TNR. The electron cyclotron (f_ce) and ion (f_pi) and electron plasma (f_pe) frequencies are shown in black lines (f_ce < f_pi < f_pe). The vertical dashed lines delimit different regions in the induced magnetosphere of Venus.