Table A.1
Fireballs analysed in this study.
| Date | Time | lat in deg | lon in deg | altitude in km | velocity in km/s | Detecting satellite(s) | GLM - peak energy in J | GLM En- ergy in J | Infrasound Energy in J | CNEOS Energy in J | Absolute Magnitude |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2017-07-31 | 22:01:34 | 24.84 | -118.6 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 5.04E-13 | 7.51E+10 | 9.20E+11 | 5.80E+10 | -19.1 | |
| 2017-09-05 | 05:11:25 | 50.06 | -117.09 | 36 | 14.7 | GLM-16 | 4.23E-13 | 1.34E+11 | 1.88E+12 | 3.80E+10 | -19.7 |
| 2017-10-09 | 12:51:48 | -19.04 | -64.09 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 2.81E-13 | 4.55E+10 | 5.44E+10 | 3.00E+10 | -18.5 | |
| 2017-12-29 | 12:47:29 | 14.56 | -48.93 | 38 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 8.76E-13 | 1.26E+11 | 1.1E+11 | -19.6 | |
| 2018-02-12 | 02:15:18 | -16.03 | -58.7 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 3.51E-13 | 4.10E+10 | 9.62E+11 | 3.90E+10 | -18.4 | |
| 2018-03-17 | 14:08:24 | -43.6 | -40.59 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 4.02E-12 | 9.04E+11 | -21.8 | |||
| 2018-05-08 | 02:27:12 | 31.95 | -59.36 | 15.0* | GLM-16, GLM-17 | 2.33E-13 | 2.89E+10 | 7.3E+10 | -18.0 | ||
| 2018-09-13 | 00:51:20 | 42.73 | -49.97 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 2.67E-13 | 7.35E+10 | 1.84E+09 | 4.20E+10 | -19.1 | |
| 2018-09-17 | 01:08:01 | -6.86 | -27.64 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 1.37E-12 | 3.48E+11 | 1.46E+12 | 1.50E+11 | -20.7 | |
| 2018-09-26 | 19:01:30 | -22.08 | -17.39 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 3.05E-13 | 3.71E+10 | -18.3 | |||
| 2018-10-05 | 00:27:01 | -40.07 | -30.78 | 31.5 | 14.7 | GLM-16 | 1.00E-12 | 3.29E+11 | 3.8E+10 | -20.7 | |
| 2018-11-15 | 08:02:44 | 42.37 | -51.16 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 1.23E-12 | 2.35E+11 | 2E+10 | -20.3 | ||
| 2018-11-17 | 21:48:23 | 47.72 | -173.34 | 32.5 | 19.1 | GLM-17 | 1.65E-12 | 7.40E+11 | 8.62E+11 | 2.20E+11 | -21.6 |
| 2019-02-01 | 18:17:09 | 22.44 | -83.8 | 23.7 | 16.3 | GLM-16, GLM-17 | 2.93E-12 | 5.04E+11 | 2.22E+10 | 5.79E+11 | -21.1 |
| 2019-04-22 | 11:06:18 | 43.79 | -164.87 | 15.0* | GLM-17 | 7.20E-13 | 2.01E+11 | 5.19E+11 | -20.1 | ||
| 2019-05-04 | 15:35:45 | 28.59 | -88.36 | 26.5 | 15.0* | GLM-16, GLM-17 | 5.66E-13 | 3.49E+10 | 1.30E+11 | 2.20E+10 | -18.2 |
| 2019-05-22 | 15:16:00 | 47 | 10.76 | 32.6 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 7.02E-13 | 1.81E+11 | 3.01E+10 | 9.50E+10 | -20.0 |
| 2019-06-22 | 21:25:45 | 14.91 | -65.78 | 25 | 14.9 | GLM-16 | 2.88E-12 | 1.32E+12 | 1.04E+13 | 2.95E+12 | -22.2 |
| 2019-06-30 | 16:52:47 | 21.5 | -130.68 | 59 | 42.3 | GLM-16, GLM-17 | 2.88E-13 | 8.83E+10 | 3.2E+10 | -19.3 | |
| 2019-07-23 | 20:42:56 | 44.93 | -147.57 | 30.6 | 16.1 | GLM-17 | 1.08E-12 | 2.37E+11 | 1.30E+12 | 2.55E+11 | -20.3 |
| 2019-08-06 | 04:36:41 | -32.72 | -22.04 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 5.07E-13 | 7.10E+10 | -19.0 | |||
| 2019-08-22 | 17:07:27 | -47.06 | -68.68 | 15.0* | GLM-16, GLM-17 | 2.55E-13 | 2.58E+10 | 2.80E+11 | -17.9 | ||
| 2019-08-24 | 12:02:53 | 21.96 | -131.24 | 39.8 | 13.4 | GLM-16, GLM-17 | 5.19E-13 | 2.55E+11 | 4E+10 | -20.4 | |
| 2019-09-12 | 02:34:57 | 25.18 | -47.57 | 30.6 | 17.2 | GLM-16 | 7.34E-13 | 8.15E+10 | 2.64E+11 | 5.90E+10 | -19.2 |
| 2019-09-14 | 12:39:32 | -38.92 | -32.91 | 38 | 15.9 | GLM-16 | 3.95E-13 | 1.81E+11 | 1.09E+11 | -20.0 | |
| 2019-09-27 | 13:35:44 | 25.8 | -28.84 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 6.79E-13 | 1.32E+11 | 3.4E+10 | -19.7 | ||
| 2019-09-30 | 11:08:37 | 52.86 | -38.3 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 3.74E-13 | 2.56E+10 | 4.60E+12 | -17.9 | ||
| 2019-10-24 | 09:51:16 | 22.28 | -18.45 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 4.64E-13 | 3.94E+10 | -18.4 | |||
| 2019-11-05 | 11:24:49 | -10.73 | -143.31 | 38 | 27.4 | GLM-17 | 3.84E-13 | 1.38E+11 | 8.37E+10 | 1.10E+11 | -19.7 |
| 2019-11-07 | 10:03:14 | 53.09 | -38.06 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 2.67E-13 | 5.24E+10 | -18.7 | |||
| 2019-11-15 | 18:02:10 | 4.02 | 171.02 | 15.0* | GLM-17 | 5.95E-13 | 6.35E+10 | -18.9 | |||
| 2019-11-28 | 20:30:52 | 35.94 | -31.09 | 35 | 13 | GLM-16 | 2.74E-13 | 8.83E+10 | 2.59E+10 | 2.70E+10 | -19.3 |
| 2019-12-03 | 06:46:26 | 5.85 | -51.66 | 61.5 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 1.24E-12 | 3.93E+08 | 4.2E+10 | -13.4 | |
| 2020-01-15 | 06:31:39 | -23.89 | -125.68 | 31.5 | 15.0* | GLM-16, GLM-17 | 2.82E-13 | 1.54E+10 | 1.67E+11 | 1.96E+11 | -17.4 |
| 2020-01-24 | 11:13:30 | 28.17 | -35.37 | 32 | 21.2 | GLM-16 | 4.02E-13 | 5.73E+10 | 9.20E+10 | 2.60E+10 | -18.8 |
| 2020-01-31 | 01:34:12 | -28.24 | -22.32 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 4.26E-13 | 7.62E+10 | -19.1 | |||
| 2020-02-02 | 10:07:03 | -43.87 | -93.79 | 15.0* | GLM-16, GLM-17 | 2.95E-13 | 1.87E+10 | -17.6 | |||
| 2020-03-23 | 16:51:50 | -24.49 | -67.85 | 25 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 2.74E-13 | 6.01E+10 | 8.79E+11 | 1.33E+11 | -18.8 |
| 2020-04-19 | 09:31:16 | -15.47 | -24.31 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 3.09E-13 | 3.17E+07 | -10.6 | |||
| 2020-05-09 | 09:37:51 | 7.27 | -43.36 | 52.5 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 2.55E-13 | 4.82E+10 | 4.1E+10 | -18.6 | |
| 2020-05-12 | 23:22:55 | 16.08 | 173.48 | 15.0* | GLM-17 | 1.78E-12 | 2.42E+11 | 7.53E+11 | 8.30E+10 | -20.4 | |
| 2020-05-17 | 03:57:49 | 34.94 | -17.32 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 1.24E-12 | 2.27E+11 | -20.3 | |||
| 2020-06-01 | 16:27:30 | 16.59 | -115.89 | 15.0* | GLM-16, GLM-17 | 2.30E-13 | 4.16E+10 | -18.4 | |||
| 2020-06-10 | 04:54:37 | 25.47 | -17.7 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 5.06E-13 | 7.14E+10 | -19.0 | |||
| 2020-07-24 | 18:36:12 | -15.39 | -127.21 | 15.0* | GLM-16, GLM-17 | 2.81E-13 | 4.80E+10 | 2.3E+12 | -18.6 | ||
| 2020-08-02 | 16:36:24 | -35.29 | -33.76 | 38 | 11.1 | GLM-16 | 5.54E-13 | 2.08E+11 | 7.4E+10 | -20.2 | |
| 2020-08-21 | 13:41:11 | 33.33 | -167.08 | 15.0* | GLM-17 | 2.65E-13 | 1.49E+11 | 9.61E+13 | -19.8 | ||
| 2020-10-21 | 06:38:49 | -29.94 | -94.02 | 39 | 15.0* | GLM-16, GLM-17 | 4.18E-13 | 5.12E+10 | 2.7E+10 | -18.7 | |
| 2020-10-22 | 17:39:32 | 22.11 | -134.11 | 40 | 17.6 | GLM-16, GLM-17 | 2.46E-13 | 9.56E+10 | 4.4E+10 | -19.3 | |
| 2020-10-24 | 13:25:18 | -13.23 | -64.41 | 15.0* | GLM-16 | 3.44E-13 | 1.62E+10 | -17.4 |
Notes. Listed are the 50 events in the GLM database with the largest recorded peak energies for the investigated 39 months period from 31 July 2017 – 21 October 2020 sorted by date. The listed information about the date, time, and location of the detection are given as reported in the GLM database. The information about altitude and velocity is extracted from the CNEOS database, if available. Otherwise, 15 km s−1 is assumed as a default velocity. These cases are marked by an asterisk. Listed as well are the satellite that detected the event and the fireball energy and the absolute magnitude value based on the reported GLM lightning energy (in joules) computed as described in Sect. 2.4. If available, the energy computed from the IMS infrasound data in joules (derived as explained in Sect. 2.2) and the energy reported in the CNEOS database are listed as well.
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