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Table B.1.

Summary of material properties.

Species Nt/NH(a) Edes/kB [K] (b) ν [s−1]
H2O 1.87 × 10−4 5600 1015
CO 9.36 × 10−5 1180 7 × 1011
CO2 4.68 × 10−5 2267 9 × 1011
C2H6 2.42 × 10−5 2500 6 × 1016
N2 3.50 × 10−5 1051 7 × 1011
NH3 7.78 × 10−6 2715 1012
Ar 2.78 × 10−6 866 6 × 1011
Kr 1.53 × 10−9 1371 1014
Xe 1.91 × 10−10 1960 4 × 1014
O in refractory solids 1.87 × 10−4
C in refractory solids 1.45 × 10−4
S in refractory solids 1.52 × 10−5
P in refractory solids 2.95 × 10−7

Notes.

(a)

Abundance calculated from procedures described in Öberg & Wordsworth (2019). We adopt the protosolar elemental abundance recommended by Asplund et al. (2021).

(b)

Desorption energy on compact amorphous water ice: CO and N2from Fayolle et al. (2016), CO2 from Noble et al. (2012), C2H6 from Behmard et al. (2019), NH3 from Penteado et al. (2017) after Collings et al. (2004), and noble gases from Smith et al. (2016). For H2O, we adopt the desorption energy from a gold film (Fraser et al. 2001).

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