Wave dispersion diagrams of the electric and magnetic components with n_e/n₀ = 10%, over times 0–300 in the direction of 90°. Analytical dispersion relations of the X/Z mode and O mode are overplotted as dotted white lines in panels b and c, respectively. Amplified wave modes are marked. An animation of this figure is available online. The video begins at θ_kB = 70° and advances 1° at a time until it ends at θ_kB = 110°.