Initial vertical velocity for mm-sized pebbles in the outflowing CO₂ gas caused by surface ablation. The calculation is done for planetesimals around perihelion in the nominal Solar System simulation. Pebbles are released along with the gas in the case of high eccentric planetesimals interior of Jupiter’s orbit. Lighter gas molecules, smaller pebble sizes, and increased surface temperatures due to a lack of cooling from release of latent heat of vaporization would result in more pebbles being released in this plot.