Toomre diagram (top) for the stars in the Jurassic structure (lime symbols) compared to a control sample of ∼200 000 APOGEE-2+ stars with [Fe/H] > −0.5 and d_⊙ <  5 kpc, likely associated with the thin and thick disk (2D histrogram), and a sample of ∼11 000 metal-poor stars, [Fe/H] < −0.5, likely associated with the halo and thick disk population (magenta contours). All velocities are relative to the LSR. The red dashed rings show roughly the boundaries of the thin and thick disk at a constant velocity of ∼70 km s⁻¹ and 180 km s⁻¹, respectively (Venn et al. 2004). The blue dashed ring represents a constant galactic-rest frame velocity of ∼500 km s⁻¹ shifted relative to the other velocities. The distribution of the velocity components V_ϕ vs. V_R (bottom) is also shown for our sample. The blue dashed ellipse represents the approximate region for stars associated with the Gaia-Enceladus in V_ϕ vs. V_R space based on Belokurov et al. (2018).