2D histogram in 80 × 100 bins of 88 000 events of simultaneously measured spacecraft potential versus electron density (left column) and temperature (right column) from January to September 2016 at 2 to 3.8 AU. The identified electron populations by MIP from Wattieaux et al. (2020) are separated by temperature as warm (T_ew ≈ 4 eV, top row) andcold (T_ec ≈ 0.1 eV, bottom row).In total, 9700 outliers with either T_ew > 15 eV (9400 outliers) or T_ec > 0.5 eV (2800 outliers) have been removed.