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Fig. 12

image

All massive stars form in hubs: all sources with a luminosity L ≥ 105 L in the inner Milky Way and located at a distance of <5 kpc are found to be HFSs. All hubs are marked by green circles. Clumps (with L ≥ 105 L) that arenot found to be hubs (blue triangles) are located farther than 5 kpc because the 18′′ beam resolution of the data is insufficient to resolve these structures. The yellow line at L = 104 L indicates the Eddington ratio at which radiation and gravitational pressures become roughly equal; at <2 kpc, all objects above this luminosity are hubs, demonstrating that massive stars preferentially form in hubs.

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