Table 2
Energy and temperature for olivine grains covered with 40 MLs (0.013 μm) icy mantles and hit by CRs depositing the indicated three values of dE/dl.
| Grain core | Sublimated | Nev.CO∕E0(d) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | size (μm) | E0 (eV) | T0 (K) | CO (%)(a) | tCR hit (s)(b) | Rdes.CO(c) | (eV−1) | End MLs(e) |
| dE/dl = 2 × 105 eV μm−1 | ||||||||
| 1 | 0.2 | 4.1E+04 | 16.5 | 0.0 | 6.1E+09 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 40.0 |
| 2 | 0.1 | 2.1E+04 | 23.6 | 0.0 | 4.2E+10 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 40.0 |
| 3 | 0.05 | 1.1E+04 | 33.8 | 0.043 | 1.8E+11 | 1.9 | 0.17 | 39.9 |
| 4 | 0.02 | 5.3E+03 | 49.9 | 1.2 | ... | 45 | 2.97 | 39.7 |
| 5 | 0.01 | 3.3E+03 | 61.8 | 2.0 | ... | 53 | 4.38 | 39.5 |
| dE/dl = 106 eV μm−1 | ||||||||
| 6 | 0.2 | 2.1E+05 | 26.5 | 0.0 | 3.9E+10 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 40.0 |
| 7 | 0.1 | 1.1E+05 | 39.6 | 1.2 | 2.6E+11 | 11 | 1.64 | 39.7 |
| 8 | 0.05 | 5.6E+04 | 57.6 | 6.9 | 9.4E+11 | 58 | 5.31 | 39.0 |
| 9 | 0.02 | 2.6E+04 | 91.0 | 16.6 | ... | 100 | 6.60 | 38.2 |
| 10 | 0.01 | 1.6E+04 | 117.3 | 24.1 | ... | 90 | 6.64 | 37.7 |
| dE/dl = 5 × 106 eV μm−1 | ||||||||
| 11 | 0.2 | 1.0E+06 | 44.7 | 7.0 | 4.2E+11 | 7.1 | 3.68 | 39.0 |
| 12 | 0.1 | 5.3E+05 | 68.9 | 21.3 | 3.5E+12 | 16 | 5.99 | 37.2 |
| 13 | 0.05 | 2.8E+05 | 108.2 | 42.3 | 1.1E+13 | 31 | 6.51 | 34.9 |
| 14 | 0.02 | 1.3E+05 | 180.8 | 78.3 | ... | 39 | 6.23 | 31.6 |
| 15 | 0.01 | 8.2E+04 | 245.6 | 97.6 | ... | 31 | 5.43 | 30.0 |
| σ, μm2 | N(f) | |||||||
| 0.2 | 0.13 | 2.1E+8 | ||||||
| 0.1 | 0.031 | 5.6E+7 | ||||||
| 0.05 | 0.0079 | 1.6E+7 | ||||||
| 0.02 | 0.0013 | 3.5E+6 | ||||||
| 0.01 | 0.00031 | 1.4E+6 | ||||||
Notes. Data indicating the relative efficiency of CRD for the different grain sizes is also shown. (a) Percentage of sublimated CO molecules relative to total icy CO; see also Fig. 4. (b) Time between CR hits delivering the energy E0 at AV = 11 mag; estimated from Kalvāns (2018). (c) Time-averaged desorption rate of the CO molecule; arbitrary units. (d)Number of CO molecules sublimated per unit of grain thermal energy, eV−1. (e) Final ice thickness in MLs. (f)Total number of all icy molecules on a grain with a 40 ML icy mantle.
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