Planck 2018 results
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Fig. 3.

image

Estimates of the residual polarization systematic effects and noise across the core CMB channels at 70–217 GHz and two adjacent foreground-monitoring channels at 30 and 353 GHz. The residual systematics E-mode auto-power spectra are compared to that of the CMB signal after convolution with the beam window function at that frequency (noting that the CMB contribution to the total signal is small in the foreground-monitoring channels). The top panel displays the 30 and 70 GHz channels of the LFI instrument, with specific systematic effects colour-coded in the accompanying legend. The middle and lower panels show the HFI estimates at 100 and 143 GHz, and at 217 and 353 GHz, respectively.

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