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Table 1.
Best-fit parameters of the MER spectral shape (Eq. (5)) estimated here.
| GLE number | Date | J0 [cm−2] | σJ+ | σJ− | γ |  |
 |
R0 [GV] |  |
 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 05 | 23/02/1956 | 1.06E+8 | 3.13E+7 | 2.98E+7 | 4.29 | 0.50 | 0.52 | 5.12 | 4.33 | 1.64 |
| 08 | 04/05/1960 | 9.34E+5 | 6.42E+4 | 2.15E+5 | −0.82 | 1.35 | 0.00 | 0.56 | 0.20 | 0.00 |
| 10 | 12/11/1960 | 3.03E+7 | 4.58E+6 | 3.75E+6 | 0.35 | 0.51 | 0.79 | 0.50 | 0.04 | 0.06 |
| 11 | 15/11/1960 | 1.95E+7 | 4.10E+6 | 4.54E+6 | 3.89 | 1.36 | 0.90 | 1.01 | 1.23 | 0.26 |
| 12 | 20/11/1960 | 3.65E+5 | 7.07E+5 | 6.11E+4 | 5.75 | 0.52 | 3.26 | ∞ | – | – |
| 13 | 18/07/1961 | 2.08E+6 | 2.20E+7 | 8.51E+5 | 4.76 | 2.20 | 5.64 | 1.38 | ∞ | 1.12 |
| 16 | 28/01/1967 | 2.28E+6 | 2.28E+5 | 2.55E+5 | 5.05 | 0.17 | 0.71 | 5.30 | 1.70 | 3.00 |
| 18 | 29/09/1968 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 19 | 18/11/1968 | 1.23E+5 | 5.19E+6 | 4.29E+4 | 5.69 | 1.36 | 8.38 | ∞ | – | – |
| 20 | 25/02/1969 | 2.12E+5 | 4.10E+5 | 6.06E+4 | 2.15 | 1.79 | 2.94 | 0.97 | 1.56 | 0.58 |
| 21 | 30/03/1969 | 1.01E+6 | 1.01E+5 | 1.36E+5 | 2.93 | 0.55 | 0.46 | 1.58 | 0.46 | 0.25 |
| 22 | 24/01/1971 | 6.17E+5 | 4.32E+5 | 5.83E+4 | 4.47 | 0.54 | 1.86 | 2.05 | 1.09 | 1.31 |
| 23 | 01/09/1971 | 9.11E+6 | 1.40E+7 | 6.83E+6 | 2.98 | 4.07 | 2.49 | 0.52 | ∞ | 0.21 |
| 24 | 04/08/1972 | 6.22E+6 | 1.85E+7 | 3.68E+6 | 12.80 | 3.31 | 2.15 | ∞ | – | – |
| 25 | 07/08/1972 | 2.67E+5 | 1.63E+5 | 6.06E+4 | 5.11 | 0.28 | 1.72 | ∞ | – | – |
| 26 | 29/04/1973 | 5.61E+4 | 1.37E+5 | 2.62E+4 | 2.31 | 2.04 | 3.42 | 1.52 | ∞ | 1.10 |
| 27 | 30/04/1976 | 1.00E+5 | 2.53E+7 | 4.86E+4 | 5.83 | 2.38 | 9.95 | ∞ | – | – |
| 28 | 19/09/1977 | 2.89E+5 | 6.99E+5 | 2.02E+5 | 8.79 | 3.27 | 3.30 | ∞ | – | – |
| 29 | 24/09/1977 | 2.41E+5 | 2.56E+5 | 5.73E+4 | 4.77 | 0.38 | 2.57 | ∞ | – | – |
| 30 | 22/11/1977 | 5.98E+5 | 1.57E+5 | 7.83E+4 | 4.22 | 0.60 | 1.02 | 4.24 | 9.60 | 2.72 |
| 31 | 07/05/1978 | 6.26E+4 | 1.37E+4 | 8.44E+3 | 1.45 | 0.70 | 0.70 | 1.83 | 1.25 | 0.51 |
| 32 | 23/09/1978 | 3.12E+5 | 8.89E+4 | 6.61E+4 | 4.88 | 0.28 | 0.91 | ∞ | – | – |
| 33 | 21/08/1970 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 35 | 10/05/1981 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 36 | 12/10/1981 | 5.78E+5 | 1.11E+5 | 1.11E+5 | 3.34 | 0.78 | 0.85 | 2.73 | 10.02 | 1.23 |
| 37 | 26/11/1982 | 6.17E+4 | 2.95E+4 | 8.66E+3 | 2.88 | 0.89 | 1.80 | 3.13 | 11.31 | 2.21 |
| 38 | 08/12/1982 | 8.57E+5 | 2.23E+5 | 2.03E+5 | 2.34 | 1.40 | 1.38 | 1.02 | 1.25 | 0.35 |
| 39 | 16/02/1984 | 2.10E+5 | 1.22E+5 | 9.35E+4 | 1.38 | 1.98 | 1.95 | 0.87 | 2.30 | 0.37 |
| 40 | 25/07/1989 | 5.59E+4 | 1.03E+6 | 3.00E+4 | 5.55 | 2.57 | 7.75 | ∞ | – | – |
| 41 | 16/08/1989 | 2.03E+6 | 7.51E+5 | 4.30E+5 | 2.35 | 0.46 | 1.35 | 0.70 | 0.13 | 0.20 |
| 42 | 29/09/1989 | 1.16E+7 | 1.16E+6 | 1.40E+6 | 3.54 | 0.18 | 0.21 | 6.64 | 2.09 | 1.39 |
| 43 | 19/10/1989 | 6.97E+6 | 9.34E+5 | 1.09E+6 | 4.72 | 0.62 | 0.76 | 3.88 | 10.51 | 1.93 |
| 44 | 22/10/1989 | 3.02E+6 | 3.36E+6 | 7.44E+5 | 1.57 | 1.04 | 2.20 | 0.55 | 0.17 | 0.20 |
| 45 | 24/10/1989 | 1.22E+7 | 1.96E+6 | 1.69E+6 | 3.08 | 0.78 | 0.75 | 1.18 | 0.51 | 0.28 |
| 46 | 15/11/1989 | 4.37E+4 | 1.38E+6 | 1.29E+4 | 4.36 | 1.47 | 6.75 | ∞ | – | – |
| 47 | 21/05/1990 | 2.87E+5 | 4.08E+4 | 4.92E+4 | 4.06 | 0.15 | 0.52 | ∞ | – | – |
| 48 | 24/05/1990 | 5.92E+5 | 1.06E+5 | 6.90E+4 | 3.77 | 0.77 | 0.62 | 4.49 | ∞ | 2.17 |
| 49 | 26/05/1990 | 3.16E+5 | 1.05E+5 | 7.70E+4 | 3.84 | 0.83 | 1.29 | 3.65 | ∞ | 2.40 |
| 50 | 28/05/1990 | 1.47E+5 | 4.74E+5 | 4.23E+4 | 2.90 | 2.31 | 4.48 | 1.44 | ∞ | 1.09 |
| 51 | 11/06/1991 | 1.18E+5 | 7.15E+4 | 2.18E+4 | 3.35 | 1.12 | 1.75 | 3.05 | ∞ | 2.15 |
| 52 | 15/06/1991 | 1.20E+6 | 1.38E+6 | 3.59E+5 | 3.08 | 1.64 | 2.45 | 0.90 | 1.29 | 0.45 |
| 53 | 25/06/1992 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 55 | 06/11/1997 | 1.11E+6 | 3.89E+5 | 3.11E+5 | 3.17 | 1.23 | 1.51 | 1.37 | 2.14 | 0.63 |
| 56 | 02/05/1998 | 5.98E+4 | 1.84E+6 | 2.32E+4 | 4.79 | 2.41 | 7.10 | ∞ | – | – |
| 58 | 24/08/1998 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 59 | 14/07/2000 | 4.14E+6 | 4.88E+6 | 2.04E+6 | 5.55 | 1.56 | 2.57 | 1.57 | ∞ | 1.03 |
| 60 | 15/04/2001 | 2.79E+6 | 7.14E+5 | 4.01E+5 | 4.03 | 0.79 | 0.71 | 2.14 | 2.23 | 0.83 |
| 61 | 18/04/2001 | 4.94E+5 | 7.58E+5 | 1.84E+5 | 1.82 | 1.90 | 2.81 | 0.96 | 3.08 | 0.55 |
| 62 | 04/11/2001 | 9.14E+6 | 1.53E+7 | 8.87E+6 | −2.84 | 9.38 | 0.68 | 0.21 | ∞ | 0.03 |
| 63 | 26/12/2001 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 64 | 24/08/2002 | 1.45E+5 | 1.00E+9 | 8.22E+4 | 6.69 | 1.35 | 12.58 | ∞ | – | – |
| 65 | 28/10/2003 | 2.38E+6 | 9.58E+4 | 6.06E+5 | 3.87 | 1.63 | 0.25 | 1.62 | ∞ | 0.24 |
| 66 | 29/10/2003 | 2.82E+5 | 8.72E+5 | 7.64E+4 | 5.19 | 0.76 | 3.49 | 10.55 | ∞ | 10.03 |
| 67 | 02/11/2003 | 1.66E+5 | 6.63E+4 | 3.03E+4 | 1.64 | 1.90 | 1.36 | 0.93 | 1.48 | 0.32 |
| 69 | 20/01/2005 | 7.87E+6 | 1.47E+6 | 1.11E+6 | 4.62 | 0.68 | 0.74 | 2.21 | 2.45 | 0.79 |
| 70 | 13/12/2006 | 1.40E+6 | 4.87E+5 | 2.57E+5 | 3.94 | 0.88 | 1.23 | 1.61 | 2.14 | 0.71 |
| 71 | 17/05/2012 | 1.25E+5 | 1.19E+7 | 5.30E+4 | 5.69 | 1.79 | 8.98 | ∞ | – | – |
| 72 | 10/09/2017 | 2.88E+5 | 2.63E+5 | 4.95E+4 | 5.36 | 0.71 | 1.57 | ∞ | – | – |
Notes. Columns are the GLE number and date, parameters J0, γ, and R0 with upper σ+ and lower σ− 68% confidence intervals, defined as shown in Fig. 4. R0 = ∞ indicates that the MER shape cannot be distinguished from a pure power-law fit when the data are fit. Events with weak responses, for which the MER spectral shape cannot be obtained, are denoted with dashes.
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