Open Access

Fig. 10

image

Impact of the envelope enrichment on the transition. The figure is analogous to Fig. 4 but for simulations Z1, Z2, and Z3 where envelope is enriched with H2O with a mass fraction Zenve = 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5, respectively. Opacities and evaporation rates are modified accordingly, assuming a simple scaling law for the energy-limited evaporation rate . The transition mass and radius were again fit with a power law for Mbare and Rbare as shown with the thick red line. The thinner gray line shows the transition mass and radius in the nominal simulation M0 to allow direct comparison.

Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.

Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.

Initial download of the metrics may take a while.