Parameters of modeled mass functions of unstable cores (open symbols) compared with those of the high-mass part of observational CMFs (filled symbols; the numbers correspond to the data in Table 2). Vertical solid lines denote the range of characteristic masses generated by varying (M_c ∕M_{J, c})∕N_c from 0.5 (large symbols) to 20.0 (small symbols). The domain of PLTs which can be distinguished from a lognormal wing (q ≳ −4) is shown with a vertical dashed line and an arrow. See text.