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Table B.13

Photocentre semi-major axis aph, inclination Ic and companion mass M2, as derived from Gaia DR1 astrometric excess noise using the GASTON method introduced in Sect. 6.1.

Name Period M2 sin i a1 sin i Ic,min (a) P(ϵDR1 ± 10%) (b) aph (1σ) Ic (1σ) M2 (1σ)
(days) (MJ) (mas) (°) (mas) (°) (MJ)
20 MJ < M sin i < 90 MJ
BD+210055* (c) 1322.63 85.30 6.03 13 0.0979 (56, 73) (96, 110)
BD+291539 175.87 59.70 0.60 7.4 0.0275 <0.67 >64 <70
HD130396* 2060.60 50.90 3.17 5.3 0.0752 (26, 37) (88, 130)
HD211681* 7612.00 77.80 6.76 7.4 0.0611 <7.97 >58 <100
HD217850* 3508.20 22.27 1.38 2.4 0.0311 (10, 14) (100, 140)
HD23965 3975.00 40.00 4.02 4.1 0.2549 (38, 61) (47, 68)
HD28635* 2636.80 77.10 5.05 7.6 0.0307 (59, 78) (83, 94)
HD48679 1111.61 36.00 1.06 4.0 0.1549 (43, 63) (41, 55)
HD71827* (d) 15.05 27.43 0.07 2.9 0.0000 1.00 3.3 640
HD77712* 1311.70 42.10 1.97 5.2 0.0353 (13, 18) (150, 210)
HD82460 590.90 73.20 1.97 8.7 0.0507 (72, 82) (78, 81)

90 MJ < M sin i < 0.52 M
BD+132550(c) 2537.00 463.00 24.39 61 0.1078 <22.41 >70 <680
BD+192536 178.54 108.50 1.70 17 0.2189 (66, 78) (120, 130)
BD+212816 788.91 120.40 4.32 17 0.1013 (46, 51) (170, 190)
BD+281779 46.32 90.80 0.61 14 0.1953 <0.78 >50 <130
BD+362641 17.31 251.00 0.68 39 0.0538 (49, 65) (350, 450)
BD+680971 (c) 1134.14 276 10.24 40 0.0213 <11.35 >60 <410
HD101305 1677.40 106.10 4.00 12 0.0686 (27, 33) (220, 270)
HD103913 2322.00 98.10 3.39 10 0.1545 (46, 60) (120, 150)
HD104289 2389.00 125.80 5.33 12 0.1814 (57, 75) (140, 160)
HD106888 365.61 108.30 1.42 11 0.1680 (48, 63) (130, 160)
HD108436 2720.00 305.00 22.18 43 0.0429 (79, 85) (385, 395)
HD109157 300.21 153.10 3.37 22 0.0485 (69, 81) (175, 190)
HD110376 1282.20 177.70 14.45 27 0.0974 (74, 80) (210, 220)
HD133621 448.60 101.80 3.36 12 0.1278 (71, 82) (110, 120)
HD144286 316.77 117.60 1.67 15 0.2080 (56, 67) (140, 160)
HD147487 (c) 533.23 279.70 5.27 35 0.0056 <5.71 >66 <380
HD15292 2087.00 176.50 14.98 21 0.0127 (69, 81) (200, 220)
HD153376 4878.00 236.80 19.67 22 0.1063 (33, 46) (385, 540)
HD155228(c) 432.98 268.90 3.69 26 0.1613 (49, 67) (340, 430)
HD156111 39.44 92.00 0.48 12 0.1069 (23, 29) (220, 280)
HD156728 4097.00 126.50 15.10 16 0.0004 <18.28 >60 <170
HD161479 10.24 268.70 0.46 30 0.2743 <0.55 >56 <395
HD167215 3460.10 167.40 8.42 18 0.2142 <9.47 >62 <215
HD193554 797.69 173.60 7.62 21 0.1386 (71, 78) (200, 210)
HD204613 876.84 151.70 4.22 18 0.0901 (37, 41) (265, 305)
HD207992(c) 2090.00 206.80 18.48 29 0.0012 <22.00 >56 <304
HD212029 771.02 122.10 3.50 17 0.1002 (39, 45) (195, 225)
HD212733 89.86 112.10 1.57 15 0.0011 <1.62 >75 <130
HD212735 37.94 92.50 0.34 9.8 0.1180 <0.46 >47 <140
HD225239 (c) 701.49 100.50 4.22 12 0.0452 (14, 16) (480, 575)
HD24505(c) 11268.00 238.20 28.09 25 0.0365 (83, 87) (274, 276)
HD62923(c), (e) 175.22 91.80 0.89 9.9 0.0003 (10, 12) (595, 700)
HD73636 155.28 102.70 0.85 9.8 0.1373 (38, 58) (130, 180)
HD78536 11.35 213.70 0.22 21 0.2610 (41, 67) (265, 390)
HD87899 1527.00 195.30 10.33 27 0.1724 (67, 80) (230, 250)

Notes. For periods longer than 200 days, these values could be underestimated, as explained in the text. Error bars give 1-σ confidence intervals, but a value of ϵ < 0.5 mas leads to an upper-limit on mass and semi-major axis and a lower limit on inclination (see text). Only the sources for which the uncertainty on the period is better than 10% are shown. For triple systems, we calculate the inclination for companion b orbit, assuming that only the inner short-period companion has a measurable effect on Gaia astrometry. We marked with an asterisk the BD candidates whose true mass is estimated to be above 90 MJ at 1σ. The definition of the marginal probability is explained in Sect. 6.1. The minimum inclination Ic,min measures the minimum inclination a system can have while the secondary companion remains dark. (a) The likelihood of ϵ ± 10% given that Ic > Ic,− (or Ic < Ic,+) can be calculated by using formula (12) and (13), replacing p by 0.683, p(ϵ) by the marginal probability, and Ic,min by the value given in this column. (b)The marginal probability as defined in Sect. 6.1.3. (c) These targets were not part of the TGAS sample. Therefore, ϵDR1 measures the scatter around the five-parameter solution only accounting for the 14 months of Gaia measurements. In these cases, the proper motion is fitted and modelled out of the simulations. (d) For HD 71827, ϵ is larger than any of the simulations that assume a dark companion, i.e. MV,2MV,1 > 2.5. The excess noise observed by Gaia is likely due to the large 20-yrs period outer companion (see text explanation in Sect. 6.1.4). (e) For HD 62923, ϵ is at the very limit of simulations that assume a dark companion, i.e. MV,2MV,1 > 2.5. In this system, the secondary likely pollutes the astrometry as emphasised in Sect. 5.

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