Open Access
Table E.1
Input parameters to generate spots and plages.
| Category | Parameter | Value/range | Unit | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar activity | Cycle shape | Smoothed average | – | Sect. 3.6.3 |
| solar cycle | ||||
| Cycle period | 2–14.5 | (yr) | Sect. 3.6.1, Noyes et al. (1984b) | |
| Baliunas et al. (1996) | ||||
| Saar & Brandenburg (1999) | ||||
| Böhm-Vitense (2007) | ||||
| Oláh et al. (2009); Lovis et al. (2011) | ||||
| Suárez Mascareño et al. (2016) | ||||
| Oláh et al. (2016) | ||||
| Cycle amplitude | 0.03–0.43 | (Log  ) |
Sect. 3.6.2, Lovis et al. (2011) | |
| Radick et al. (1998) | ||||
| Spot number random dispersion | 25 | % | Adapted from Borgniet et al. (2015) | |
| Stellar | ||||
| fondamental | Stellar radius | 0.9–1.4 | (R⊙) | Sect. 3.2, Boyajian et al. (2012, 2013) |
| parameters | Stellar Teff | 4594–6334 | (K) | Sect. 3.2, Gray (2005) |
| Spatio-temporal | Mean start latitude | 22, 32, 42 | (deg) | Sect. 3.5 |
| distribution | Mean end latitude | 9 | (deg) | Borgniet et al. (2015) |
| Standard lat. dispersion | 6 | (deg) | id. | |
| Max. lat. dispersion | 20 | (deg) | id. | |
| North-south asymmetry | 0.5 | – | id. | |
| Active longitude spot fraction | 0.4 | – | id. | |
| Active longitude extension area | +/-20 | (deg) | id. | |
| Large scale | Differential rotation | Ω0 = 6.6–112.5 | (deg day−1) | Sect. 3.5 Adapted from |
| dynamics | Mamajek & Hillenbrand (2008) | |||
| Reinhold & Gizon (2015) | ||||
| Ω1 = −2.10 to −7.25 | (deg day−1) | id. | ||
| Meridional flow | α = 12.9 | (m s−1) | Komm et al. (1993) | |
| β = 1.4 | (m s−1) | id. | ||
| Isolated | Total fraction | 0.4 | – | Martinez Pillet et al. (1993) |
| spots | Mean initial size | 46.51 | (μHem) | Adapted from Baumann & Solanki (2005) |
| properties | Standard size deviation | 2.14 | (μHem) | id. |
| Max. size | 1500 | (μHem) | Papers I and II, Borgniet et al. (2015) | |
| Mean decay | –18.9 | (μHem day−1) | Martinez Pillet et al. (1993) | |
| Median decay | –14.8 | (μHem day−1) | id. | |
| Complex | Total fraction | 0.6 | – | Martinez Pillet et al. (1993) |
| spots | Mean initial size | 90.24 | (μHem) | Adapted from Baumann & Solanki (2005) |
| properties | Standard size deviation | 2.49 | (μHem) | id. |
| Max. size | 5000 | (μHem) | Papers I and II, Borgniet et al. (2015) | |
| Mean decay | –41.3 | (μHem day−1) | Martinez Pillet et al. (1993) | |
| Median decay | –30.9 | (μHem day−1) | id. | |
| All spots | Min. decay value | –3 | (μHem day−1) | id. |
| Max. decay value | –200 | (μHem day−1) | id. | |
| Min. spot size | 10 | (μHem) | Papers I and II, Borgniet et al. (2015) | |
| Faculae | q (facula-to-spot ratio) | Borgniet et al. (2015) | ||
| properties | Mean log(q) | 0.8 | – | id. |
| Standard deviation (log(q)) | 0.4 | – | id. | |
| Min.- Max. log(q) | 0.1–5 | – | id. | |
| Mean decay | –27 | (μHem day−1) | id. | |
| Median decay | –20 | (μHem day−1) | id. | |
| Min. facula size | 3 | (μHem) | Papers I and II | |
| Network | Diffusion coefficient | 69–407 | (km2 s−1) | Sect. 3.7.2 Schrijver (2001) |
| properties | Meunier et al. (2017b) | |||
| Remainder fraction for decay | 0.975 | (day−1) | Borgniet et al. (2015) | |
| Min. size | 3 | (μHem) | Papers I and II, Borgniet et al. (2015) | |
| Facula fraction recovered | 0.8 | – | Borgniet et al. (2015) | |
Notes.Values kept to the solar values used in Borgniet et al. (2015) are in italics.
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