Fig. 14
Analytical estimate of fwater at 1 au as a function of the initial disk radius (rd,0) and the initial disk accretion rate (Ṁg,0), including the effect of the pebble isolation mass. The other parameters are Ṁpe =10−9M⊙ yr−1, tdiff = 3 × 106 yr, and St = 0.1. Pebble accretion is halted when Mpl reaches Mpeb,iso. The dry regime (red) in the left bottom part of the plots represents the cases of Mpl,0 > Mpeb,iso.
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