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Table 2

Parameters of the Earth around the Sun and Earth-like planets around M-dwarf host stars.

Host star SS a(AU) P(d) tD (h) δ (ppm) αp Teq (K)
Sun 1.000 1.000 365.3 13.10 84.1 0.201 263.4
GJ 832 0.886 0.205 50.4 4.28 364.8 0.117 262.0
GJ 176 0.915 0.192 45.9 3.92 409.6 0.095 265.8
GJ 581 0.920 0.114 25.8 2.47 940.1 0.086 266.8
GJ 436 0.918 0.166 34.8 3.45 406.0 0.086 266.6
GJ 644 0.888 0.242 67.6 6.81 182.8 0.096 263.7
AD Leo 0.878 0.143 30.4 3.02 552.6 0.094 263.1
GJ 667C 0.913 0.162 41.5 4.27 397.2 0.096 265.5
GJ 876 0.951 0.113 22.9 2.77 594.5 0.071 270.1
GJ 1214 0.958 0.068 15.6 1.78 1887.9 0.068 270.8
Proxima Cen. 0.986 0.040 8.4 1.13 4227.7 0.059 273.4
TRAPPIST-1 1.045 0.022 4.4 0.87 6036.4 0.053 277.9

Notes. The value SS is the ratio of the total stellar irradiance to the TSI to reach a surface temperature of 288.15 K. The transit duration was calculated via Eq. (7). We assume circular orbits for all planets. The transit depth, , is calculated using the stellar radii from Table 1 and the radius of the Earth. The equilibrium temperature (Teq) was calculated using the corresponding planetary albedo (αp).

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