Schematic showing a late-type galaxy. Its field population is represented by red and orange stars. The newly formed stellar population is indicated by coloured circles that represent CSFEs (embedded star clusters). The colours and sizes of symbols scale with stellar/cluster mass. The acronyms from Table 3 are shown here with examples. Right bottom panel: a young massive embedded cluster, which will most likely survive and contribute to the open star cluster population of the galaxy. Right top panel: young embedded cluster complex composed of a number of low-mass embedded clusters, which will evolve into a T Tauri association once the embedded clusters expand after loss of their residual gas and disperse into the galaxy field stellar population.