Left panel: as Fig. 9, but for the corresponding ADM model structures. To clarify the definition of the apex radius, r_m, we have displayed a specific value, r_m = 2R_∗, as a red arrow, where this value corresponds to all points located on the red magnetic-field line. In the closed-field region (inside r_m = R_A, displayed by a thick line), the models contain, from top to bottom: (i) the cooled-downflow component alone. (ii) A statistical approach for the downflow and upflow component. (iii) Alternating flux tubes with cooled-downflow and wind-upflow component. (iv) The wind-upflow component alone. Middle panel: as Fig. 11, for pole-on observers, and for the different ADM models (i)–(iv). The dashed and dotted lines display the emission part and the absorption part of the line profiles, respectively. Right panel: as middle panel, but for equator-on observers.