Fig. 9

Time evolution of the simulation with Σ0 = 50 M⊙ pc−2 and speed of sound cs = 3 km s−1, as an example of strong accretion. Top: simulation reaching the highest final black hole mass of all the simulations carried out for this work. During the switch-on phase an inner disk mass of more than 108 M⊙ is reached. This leads immediately to strong accretion of more than 0.1 M⊙ yr−1 right from the beginning. Bottom: simulation initially exhibiting strong fragmentation, before changing to a gravitational turbulent accretion mode. A laminar inner disk is never observed.
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