Example of RADEX non-LTE modelling of the para-H₂ CO kinetic temperature for AGAL008.684−00.367. Black solid and dashed lines are para-H₂ CO integrated intensity ratios. Para-H₂ CO 4₀₄–3₀₃/3₀₃–2₀₂ (blue solid and dashed lines represent observed value and uncertainty, accounting for different beam-filling factors), 3₂₁ –2₂₀/3₀₃–2₀₂ and 4₂₂ –3₂₁/4₀₄–3₀₃ integrated intensity ratios (top and bottom, red solid and dashed lines) for a para-H₂ CO column density 2.8 × 10¹³ cm⁻² are derived from the para-H₂CO 4₀₄–3₀₃ integrated intensity and para-H₂CO 4₀₄–3₀₃/3₀₃–2₀₂ ratio (see Sect. 3.3).