Measured thermodynamic temperature for the five Planck-HFI observations of Jupiter as well as Planck-LFI results (Planck Collaboration V 2016). Points and error bars represent average (maximum likelihood) thermodynamic temperature and associated errors (including systematic error). The orange line and region represent the ESA1 model predictions and the estimated absolute uncertainties. We note the ammonia absorption line at 572.5 GHz. Emission lines are due to stratospheric emission from H₂O, CO, CS, and HCN. WMAP measurements are included for comparison (Bennett et al. 2013). The grey region is there to remind the reader that the sub-mm bands are calibrated on models of the brightness of Uranus and Neptune (see Sect. 2.1.2).