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Fig. 5

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Normalized single-detector statistical and systematic uncertainties for Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus at all six Planck-HFI frequencies. The first six rows show the relative contribution of the different error terms described in Sects. 2.3 and 2.4. From top to bottom, these six rows describe uncertainties related to: detector noise and astrophysical confusion; scanning-beam solid angle; planet-disc solid angle; absolute calibration; spectral response function; and an unknown systematic term described in Sect. 2.4. The sum of the first six rows equals unity, but when combining errors, different terms are summed in quadrature. The last two rows show the total statistical uncertainty (in percent) and the total uncertainty in flux determination (in percent) appropriate for band-average flux density calculations, respectively. The total uncertainty is obtained by summing the total statistical and the total systematic uncertainties in quadrature. Finally, we note that statistical uncertainties (the first five rows) average down when we calculate band-averaged flux density estimates.

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