Example of a simulation that successfully reproduces the observed configuration of the Kepler-223 system. The scenario of capture is of type BCA (see Sect. 3.2). I plot the period ratio between each consecutive pair of planets (top), the planets’ eccentricities (middle), and the two Laplace angles (bottom). The two horizontal black lines in the bottom plot represent the equilibrium values of the Laplace angles expected from the analytical model (see Sect. 3.1).