Stellar energetic particle ionization in protoplanetary disks around T Tauri stars

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Table 5

Model series.

Name	X-rays	Stellar particles	Cosmic rays


CI_XN	normal^a	−	ISM ^d
CI_XH	high^b	−	ISM
CI_XN_SP	normal	active T Tauri	ISM
CI_XH_SP	high	active T Tauri	ISM
CI_T	Turner^c	Turner	ISM
CL_XN	normal	−	low ^e
CL_XH	high	−	low
CL_XN_SP	normal	active T Tauri	low
CL_XH_SP	high	active T Tauri	low
CL_T	Turner	Turner	low

Notes. In the model names CI (CL) stands for ISM (low) CR ionization rates, XN (XH) for normal (high) X-ray luminosities, SP for stellar particles and T for Turner model.

^(a)

X-ray luminosity L_X = 10³⁰ erg s^-1.

^(b)

L_X = 5 × 10³⁰ erg s^-1.

^(c)

L_X = 2 × 10³⁰ erg s^-1.

^(d)

CR ionization rate ζ_CR ≈ 2 × 10^-17 s^-1.

^(e)

ζ_CR ≈ 2 × 10^-19 s^-1.

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