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Table 1

Parameter setup in the evolutionary grids and models discussed in this work.

Ekström et al. (2012) Brott et al. (2011) This study
Code GENEC STERN MESA

Initial metallicity 0.014 0.0088 0.014
α MLT 1 1.6/1.0 1.5 1.5
Core boundary Schwarzschild Ledoux Schwarzschild/Ledoux
Overshooting αov = 0.1 αov = 0.335 fov and αov
Semiconvection αsemi = 1 optional
Radiative opacity2 OPAL OPAL OPAL
Reaction network3 NACRE “own” REACLIB
Angular momentum advective-diffusive diffusive diffusive
transport
Convective mixing instantaneous diffusive diffusive
Chemical mixing diffusive diffusive diffusive
Internal magnetic field4 Spruit-Tayler Spruit-Tayler/none
Mass-loss rates5 Vink Vink Vink/experimental

Notes.

(1)

The default value used in this work (αMLT = 1.5) might have been changed for specific comparisons (the MESA default values are Z = 0.02 and αMLT = 2.0). The mixing length parameter in the GENEC models is individually specified for different mass ranges, αMLT = 1.6 and 1.0 for masses below and above 40 M, respectively.

(2)

The opacity tables are based on the radiative opacities from OPAL (Iglesias & Rogers 1993; Iglesias & Rogers 1996), but also several other sources are used, accounting for (very) low and high temperature ranges.

(3)

The nuclear reaction rates are calculated by using and extending/complementing the specific databases, e.g., NACRE (Angulo et al. 1999) for the Geneva models; in MESA, REACLIB (Cyburt et al. 2010) or optionally NACRE can be used. For our own MESA calculations, we used the default “basic.net”. The Bonn code uses “own” reaction networks, but we were not able to identify the corresponding sources.

(4)

Brott et al. (2011) used the Spruit-Tayler dynamo mechanism for angular momentum transport but not for chemical mixing. Our own MESA models have be calculated in analogy.

(5)

Other mass-loss prescriptions are available for different evolutionary stages.

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