Fig. 10
Comparison of normalized pressure gradient force, 
, of MRI-inactive PPDs at t = 0 (dotted), 105 (solid), and 106 yr (dashed). The MRI-inactive cases with Σ-dependent torque in Table 2, blue lines for weak DW and red lines for strong DW, which corresponds to the red and blue lines in Fig. 5, are compared to the MRI-inactive no DW case with Cw,0 = 0 and 
(black lines).
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