The VLT/NaCo large program to probe the occurrence of exoplanets and brown dwarfs at wide orbits - III. The frequency of brown dwarfs and giant planets as companions to solar-type stars

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Fig. 1

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Combined substellar CMF. The discontinuity at log M/M_⊙ = −2.3 is due to the opacity limit for fragmentation that set a minimum mass for objects formed through core fragmentation. The minimum mass is assumed to be 5 M_Jupiter in our model.

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