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Fig. 2

Surface density slope in a steady state at r = 0.1 au and 1 au for various values of Kw (panel a)). Migration efficiency (Γ/(−ΓTTW)) for planets with e = 0.01 at r = 0.1 au (panel b)) and r = 1 au (panel c)). The contours show a migration efficiency of −1, −0.3, −0.1, 0.1, 0.3, and 1. When Γ > 0, planets move outward.
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