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Fig. 9

image

AV, NH, and NH/AV ratio as a function of redshift. Black points are from Covino et al. (2013) for events with z ≲ 4, while the remaining events (blue circles, purple stars) are listed in Table 5. GRB 140515A is marked with a red star. The solid and/or dashed gray lines in the middle panel represent the effect of the intervening material along the line of sight (see Campana et al. 2015; Salvaterra 2015).

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