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Fig. 1

image

Evolutionary tracks in the Herstzsprung-Russel diagram calculated for solar metallicity Z = 0.014 for initial masses 9, 12, 15, 20, 25, 32, and 40 M. The continuous lines show the track until the red supergiant phase. After the red supergiant stage, either dashed or dotted lines are used. The BSG phase is highlighted in red for the evolution toward the RSG phase (Group 1, see text) and in blue (dashed) for the evolution back after the RSG stage (Group 2). The models are from Ekström et al. (2012). Left panel: models without the effects of stellar rotation. Right panel: models including rotation (see text).

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