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Fig. 7

image

Accretion rates of planetary cores at different orbital distances and the mass flux in pebbles past the cores (red curve). The cores of the gas giants reach their critical core mass before they achieve complete filtering (58 AU curves). In wider orbits (1520 AU curves) planets only accrete a minor fraction of the full pebble flux, because the gas and dust disc dissipate after τdis = 3 Myr (yellow dashed area), well before sizes with efficient filtering are reached.

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