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Table 12

Major planets and Pluto: maximum differences over large time spans between VSOP2013, TOP2013, and the extension of INPOP10a from −4000 to 8000.

Planet Time span Theory λ L B R

Jupiter [900, 3100] VSOP 0.04 0.04 0.001 12
TOP 0.01 0.01 0.001 21
[0, 4000] VSOP 0.22 0.24 0.004 64
TOP 0.05 0.07 0.004 61
[−4000, 8000] VSOP 4.80 4.47 0.164 3 393
19.90 22.21 0.505 5 858
TOP 0.40 0.45 0.051 343
Saturn [900, 3100] VSOP 0.28 0.30 0.013 122
TOP 0.03 0.04 0.002 50
[0, 4000] VSOP 2.07 2.24 0.098 758
TOP 0.15 0.18 0.008 151
[−4000, 8000] VSOP 8.92 11.73 0.524 21 911
35.58 41.97 1.543 35 637
TOP 0.74 0.89 0.081 1 299
Uranus   [900, 3100] VSOP 0.14 0.14 0.001 136
TOP 0.01 0.02 0.001 102
[0, 4000] VSOP 0.30 0.34 0.004 433
TOP 0.04 0.06 0.003 189
[−4000, 8000] VSOP 1.23 2.45 0.069 13 007
TOP 0.42 0.70 0.037 4 113
Neptune l [900, 3100] VSOP 0.06 0.07 0.002 143
TOP 0.01 0.02 0.001 143
[0, 4000] VSOP 0.13 0.14 0.003 342
TOP 0.04 0.06 0.003 311
[−4000, 8000] VSOP 1.28 1.27 0.044 7 761
TOP 0.39 0.78 0.059 5 284
Pluto [900, 3100] TOP 0.36 0.80 0.222 6 593
[0, 4000] TOP 5.14 11.95 2.980 45 042

Notes. Variables and units are the same as in Table 11. For Jupiter and Saturn and for [−4000, 8000], the second line of VSOP corresponds to the theory without the corrections from TOP2013.

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