Free Access

Table 1

Frequency of giant planets reported by various surveys around the full spectral type range.

Sample Technique Sep. range Mass range Frequency Distribution Reference
(AU) (MJ) (%) (AU)

102 M RV ≲1 ≲3 1−5 observed Bonfils et al. (2013)
822 FGK RV ≤5 ≥0.3 14 observed Mayor et al. (2011)
31 old-A RV 0.1−3 0.5−14 9−14 observed Johnson et al. (2010)
585 F-M RV ≤3 0.3−10 10.5 observed Cumming et al. (2008)

42 AF AO 5−320 3−14 5.9−18.8 flat/Cu08a Vigan et al. (2012)
85 F-M AO 5−500 ≤100 ≤10 flat + GIb Janson et al. (2012)
15 BA AO ≤300 ≤100 ≤32 flat + GI Janson et al. (2011)
118 F-M AO 25−856 ≥4 ≤20 flat/Cu08 Nielsen & Close (2010) c
88 B-M AO ≥40 5−13 ≤10 Cu08 Chauvin et al. (2010)
88 FGKM AO 50−250 0.5−13 ≤9.3 power laws in m and ad Lafrenière et al. (2007)
22 GKM AO ≥30 ≥3 ≤5 power laws in m and ad Kasper et al. (2007)

Notes. Results on the frequency of giant planets are reported at 68% confidence level, except for those from Janson et al. (2011, 2012), which are stated at 99% confidence level.

(b)

They inferred the planet population from boundaries in a planet mass-semi major axis grid considering a disk instability model.

(c)

They performed their analysis using results from surveys of Masciadri et al. (2005), Biller et al. (2007), and Lafrenière et al. (2007).

(d)

They inferred the planet population from power law distributions with different coefficients of m and a that were used in Cumming et al. (2008). See these publications for details.

Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.

Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.

Initial download of the metrics may take a while.