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Table 1

Summary of comparison with AR 5617.

Simulation results AR 5617a

Size of the region 48   Mm × 12   Mm 50   Mm × 30   Mm
Vertical unsigned total flux 3.3 × 1020   Mx 4 × 1021   Mx
Age from the appearance 0–1.4   h 6.5–9   h
Separation speed 4–8   km   s-1 0.84   km   s-1b
Shearing speed  ~0.5   km   s-1 0.73   km   s-1c
Upflow velocity a  few  km   s-1 0.86   km   s-1d
Downflow velocity  ≲1   km   s-1 1.26   km   s-1e
Wavelength of emergence pattern  ~8   Mm

Notes. 

(b)

Separation of facular elements.

(c)

Separation of pores.

(d)

Upflow in an emergent region.

(e)

Downflow in a facula.

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