Closest distances of the particles to the Sun, projected on a plane, during their trajectory for β = 1, Q/m = 0.5 C/kg, during the defocusing phase of the solar cycle. The axes show the original position of the ISD particles in AU, in the ISD frame, while the numbers in the contour lines show their closest approach distances. The dotted lines are the reference case where β = 1 and Q/m = 0. (Particles fly in straight lines, thus the dotted contour lines are circles.)