Issue |
A&A
Volume 695, March 2025
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | A222 | |
Number of page(s) | 35 | |
Section | Interstellar and circumstellar matter | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202453022 | |
Published online | 25 March 2025 |
Kinetic tomography of the Galactic plane within 1.25 kiloparsecs from the Sun
The interstellar flows revealed by H I and CO line emission and 3D dust
1
Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali (IAPS), INAF,
Via Fosso del Cavaliere 100,
00133
Roma,
Italy
2
Universität Heidelberg, Zentrum für Astronomie, Institut für Theoretische Astrophysik,
Albert-Ueberle-Str. 2,
69120
Heidelberg,
Germany
3
SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh,
St Andrews,
KY16 9SS,
UK
4
Universität Heidelberg, Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Wissenschaftliches Rechnen,
Im Neuenheimer Feld 225,
69120
Heidelberg,
Germany
5
Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian,
60 Garden St.,
Cambridge,
MA
02138,
USA
6
Elizabeth S. and Richard M. Cashin Fellow at the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Studies at Harvard University,
10 Garden Street,
Cambridge,
MA
02138,
USA
7
Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater,
Whitewater,
WI,
USA
8
Laboratoire AIM, Paris-Saclay, CEA/IRFU/SAp – CNRS – Université Paris Diderot,
91191,
Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex,
France
9
Space Telescope Science Institute,
3700 San Martin Drive,
Baltimore,
MD
21218,
USA
10
Max-Planck Institute for Astronomy,
Königstuhl 17,
69117
Heidelberg,
Germany
11
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Firenze,
Via G. Sansone 1,
50019
Sesto F.no (Firenze),
Italy
12
University of Vienna, Department of Astrophysics,
Türkenschanzstraße 17,
1180
Wien,
Austria
★ Corresponding author; juandiegosolerp@gmail.com
Received:
15
November
2024
Accepted:
4
February
2025
We present a reconstruction of the line-of-sight motions of the local interstellar medium (ISM) based on the combination of a model of the three-dimensional dust density distribution within 1.25 kpc from the Sun and the H I and CO line emission within Galactic latitudes |b| ≤ 5°. We used the histogram of oriented gradient (HOG) method, a computer vision technique for evaluating the morphological correlation between images, to match the plane-of-the-sky dust distribution across distances with the atomic and molecular line emission. We identified a significant correlation between the 3D dust model and the line emission. We employed this correlation to assign line-of-sight velocities to the dust across density channels and produce a face-on map of the local ISM radial motions with respect to the local standard of rest (LSR). We find that most of the material in the 3D dust model follows the large-scale pattern of Galactic rotation; however, we also report local departures from the rotation pattern with standard deviations of 10.8 and 6.6 km s−1 for the H I and CO line emission, respectively. The mean kinetic energy densities corresponding to these streaming motions are around 0.11 and 0.04 eV/cm3 from either gas tracer. Assuming homogeneity and isotropy in the velocity field, these values are within a factor of a few of the total kinetic energy density. These kinetic energy values are roughly comparable to other energy densities, thus confirming the near-equipartition in the local ISM. Yet, we identify energy and momentum overdensities of around a factor of ten concentrated in the Radcliffe Wave, the Split, and other local density structures. Although we do not find evidence of the local spiral arm’s impact on these energy overdensities, their distribution suggests the influence of large-scale effects that, in addition to supernova feedback, shape the energy distribution and dynamics in the solar neighborhood.
Key words: ISM: clouds / dust, extinction / ISM: general / Galaxy: evolution / local insterstellar matter / Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics
© The Authors 2025
Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
This article is published in open access under the Subscribe to Open model. Subscribe to A&A to support open access publication.
Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.
Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.
Initial download of the metrics may take a while.