LAMOST J171013+532646: A detached short-period noneclipsing hot subdwarf + white dwarf binary

¹ Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
² Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650011, China
³ School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
⁴ International Centre of Supernovae, Yunnan Key Laboratory, Kunming 650216, People’s Republic of China
⁵ Department of Astronomy, Xiamen University, Xiamen Fujian 361005, China,

^⋆ Corresponding authors; yuanhl@bao.ac.cn; htzhang@bao.ac.cn

Received: 7 July 2024
Accepted: 28 November 2024

Abstract

We present an analysis of LAMOST J171013.211+532646.04 (hereafter J1710), a binary system comprising a hot subdwarf B star (sdB) and a white dwarf (WD) companion. Multi-epoch spectroscopy revealed an orbital period of 109.20279 minutes, consistent with TESS and ZTF photometric data. This means that this is the sixth detached system known to harbor a WD companion with a period shorter than two hours. J1710 is remarkably close to Earth. It is situated at a distance of only 350.68_−4.21^+4.20 pc, with a Gaia G-band magnitude of 12.59. This renders it conducive for continuous observations. The spectral temperature is around 25 164 K, in agreement with fitting results (25301₋₇₄₃⁺⁸³⁹ K) based on a spectral energy distribution. The TESS light curve displays ellipsoidal variation and Doppler beaming without eclipsing features. Through fitting the TESS light curve using the Wilson-Devinney code, we determined the masses for the sdB (M₁= 0.44_−0.07^+0.06 M_⊙) and the compact object (M₂= 0.54_−0.07^+0.10 M_⊙); the compact object likely is a WD. Furthermore, MESA models suggest that the sdB, with a helium core mass of 0.431 M_⊙ and a hydrogen envelope mass of 1.3 × 10⁻³ M_⊙, is in the early helium main-sequence phase. The MESA binary evolution shows that the J1710 system is expected to evolve into a double WD system. This means that it is an important source of low-frequency gravitational waves.