Issue |
A&A
Volume 681, January 2024
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | A4 | |
Number of page(s) | 9 | |
Section | Planets and planetary systems | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202347663 | |
Published online | 20 December 2023 |
When the horseshoe fits: Characterizing 2023 FY3 with the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias and the Two-meter Twin Telescope★
1
AEGORA Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias Matemáticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria,
28040
Madrid,
Spain
e-mail: rauldelafuentemarcos@ucm.es
2
Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria,
28040
Madrid,
Spain
3
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC),
C/ Vía Láctea s/n,
38205
La Laguna,
Tenerife,
Spain
4
Departamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna,
Avda. Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez,
38206
La Laguna,
Tenerife,
Spain
5
Light Bridges S.L.,
Avda. Alcalde Ramírez Bethencourt, 17,
35004
Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,
Canarias,
Spain
6
GRANTECAN,
Cuesta de San José s/n,
38712
Breña Baja,
La Palma,
Spain
Received:
7
August
2023
Accepted:
12
October
2023
Context. The Arjuna asteroid belt is loosely defined as a diverse group of small asteroids that follow dynamically cold, Earth-like orbits. Most of them are not actively engaged in resonant, co-orbital behavior with Earth. Some of them experience temporary but recurrent horseshoe episodes. Objects in horseshoe paths tend to approach Earth at a low velocity, leading to captures as Earth’s temporary satellites or mini-moons. Four such objects have already been identified: 1991 VG, 2006 RH120, 2020 CD3, and 2022 NX1. Here, we focus on 2023 FY3, a recent finding, the trajectory of which might have a co-orbital status and perhaps lead to temporary captures.
Aims. We want to determine the physical properties of 2023 FY3 and explore its dynamical evolution.
Methods. We carried out an observational study of 2023 FY3 using the OSIRIS camera spectrograph at the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias, to derive its spectral class, and time-series photometry obtained with QHY411M cameras and two units of the Two-meter Twin Telescope to investigate its rotational state. N-body simulations were also performed to examine its possible resonant behavior.
Results. The visible reflectance spectrum of 2023 FY3 is consistent with that of an S-type asteroid; its light curve gives a rotation period of 9.3±0.6 min, with an amplitude of 0.48±0.13 mag. We confirm that 2023 FY3 roams the edge of Earth’s co-orbital space.
Conclusions. Arjuna 2023 FY3, an S-type asteroid and fast rotator, currently exhibits horseshoe-like resonant behavior and in the past experienced mini-moon engagements of the temporarily captured flyby type that may repeat in the future. The spectral type result further confirms that mini-moons are a diverse population in terms of surface composition.
Key words: minor planets, asteroids: general / minor planets, asteroids: individual: 2023 FY3 / techniques: spectroscopic / techniques: photometric / methods: numerical / celestial mechanics
Based on observations made with the Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) telescope, in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC, program ID GTC31-23A) and the Two-meter Twin Telescope (TTT), in the Spanish Observatorio del Teide of the IAC (commissioning phase).
© The Authors 2023
Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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