Issue |
A&A
Volume 680, December 2023
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | A53 | |
Number of page(s) | 13 | |
Section | Extragalactic astronomy | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202346894 | |
Published online | 11 December 2023 |
GMP-selected dual and lensed AGNs: Selection function and classification based on near-IR colors and resolved spectra from VLT/ERIS, Keck/OSIRIS, and LBT/LUCI
1
INAF – Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50125
Firenze, Italy
e-mail: filippo.mannucci@inaf.it
2
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California Los Angeles, 430 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095
USA
3
W. M. Keck Observatory, 65-1120 Mamalahoa Highway, Kamuela, HI, 96743
USA
4
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Firenze, Via G. Sansone 1, 50019
Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
5
Department of Physics, University of Arkansas, 226 Physics Building, 825 West Dickson Street, Fayetteville, AR, 72701
USA
6
Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126
Pisa, Italy
7
Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, PO Box 1029
Blindern, 0315
Oslo, Norway
8
INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via Brera 28, 20121
Milano, Italy
9
Physics and Astronomy Department “Augusto Righi”, Università di Bologna, Via Gobetti 93/2, 40129
Bologna, Italy
10
Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, 98bis Bd Arago, 75014
Paris, France
11
Large Binocular Telescope Observatory, Tucson, AZ, USA
12
Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik, Postfach 1312, 85741
Garching, Germany
13
STFC UK ATC, Royal Observatory Edinburgh, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh, EH9 3HJ
UK
14
INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico d’Abruzzo, Via Mentore Maggini, 64100
Teramo, Italy
15
INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5, 35122
Padova, Italy
16
I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Zülpicher Str. 77, 50937
Köln, Germany
17
Leiden Observatory, University of Leiden, PO Box 9513
2300 RA
Leiden, The Netherlands
Received:
13
May
2023
Accepted:
9
October
2023
The Gaia Multipeak (GMP) technique can be used to identify large numbers of dual or lensed active galactic nucleus (AGN) candidates at subarcsec separation, allowing us to study both multiple supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in the same galaxy and rare, compact lensed systems. The observed samples can be used to test the predictions of the models of SMBH merging when (1) the selection function of the GMP technique is known, and (2) each system has been classified as a dual AGN, a lensed AGN, or an AGN/star alignment. Here we show that the GMP selection is very efficient for separations above 0.15″ when the secondary (fainter) object has a magnitude G ≲ 20.5. We present the spectroscopic classification of five GMP candidates using VLT/ERIS and Keck/OSIRIS and compare them with the classifications obtained from (a) the near-IR colors of seven systems obtained with LBT/LUCI, and (b) the analysis of the total spatially unresolved spectra. We conclude that colors and integrated spectra can already provide reliable classifications of many systems. Finally, we summarize the confirmed dual AGNs at z > 0.5 selected by the GMP technique, and compare this sample with other such systems from the literature, concluding that GMP can provide a large number of confirmed dual AGNs at separations below 7 kpc.
Key words: quasars: emission lines / quasars: general
© The Authors 2023
Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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