Automated analysis of oscillations in coronal bright points^⋆

¹ Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion, Cymru SY23 3BZ, UK
e-mail: brr24@aber.ac.uk
² Centre for Fusion, Space and Astrophysics, Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
e-mail: erwin.verwichte@warwick.ac.uk

Received: 27 April 2023
Accepted: 18 September 2023

Abstract

Context. Coronal bright points (BPs) are numerous, bright, small-scale dynamical features found in the solar corona. Bright points have been observed to exhibit intensity oscillations across a wide range of periodicities and are likely an important signature of plasma heating and/or transport mechanisms.

Aims. We present a novel and efficient wavelet-based method that automatically detects and tracks the intensity evolution of BPs using images from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) in the 193 Å bandpass. Through the study of a large, statistically significant set of BPs, we attempt to place constraints on the underlying physical mechanisms.

Methods. We used a continuous wavelet transform (CWT) in 2D to detect the BPs within images. One-dimensional CWTs were used to analyse the individual BP time series to detect significant periodicities.

Results. We find significant periodicity at 4, 8–10, 17, 28, and 65 min. Bright point lifetimes are shown to follow a power law with exponent −1.13 ± 0.07. The relationship between the BP lifetime and maximum diameter similarly follows a power law with exponent 0.129 ± 0.011.

Conclusions. Our wavelet-based method successfully detects and extracts BPs and analyses their intensity oscillations. Future work will expand upon these methods, using larger datasets and simultaneous multi-instrument observations.