| Issue |
A&A
Volume 673, May 2023
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Article Number | A96 | |
| Number of page(s) | 18 | |
| Section | The Sun and the Heliosphere | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202245445 | |
| Published online | 12 May 2023 | |
Modeling CME encounters at Parker Solar Probe with OSPREI: Dependence on photospheric and coronal conditions⋆
1
Predictive Science Inc., San Diego, CA 92121, USA
e-mail: vledvina@alaska.edu
2
Heliophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
3
Department of Physics, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
4
Space Science Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
Received:
11
November
2022
Accepted:
15
March
2023
Context. Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are eruptions of plasma from the Sun that travel through interplanetary space and may encounter Earth. CMEs often enclose a magnetic flux rope (MFR), the orientation of which largely determines the CMEs’ geoeffectiveness. Current operational CME models do not model MFRs, but a number of research ones do, including the Open Solar Physics Rapid Ensemble Information (OSPREI) model.
Aims. We report the sensitivity of OSPREI to a range of user-selected photospheric and coronal conditions.
Methods. We modeled four separate CMEs observed in situ by Parker Solar Probe (PSP). We varied the input photospheric conditions using four input magnetograms (HMI Synchronic, HMI Synoptic, GONG Synoptic Zero-Point Corrected, and GONG ADAPT). To vary the coronal field reconstruction, we employed the Potential Field Source Surface (PFSS) model and varied its source-surface height in the range 1.5–3.0 R⊙ with 0.1 R⊙ increments.
Results. We find that both the input magnetogram and PFSS source surface often affect the evolution of the CME as it propagates through the Sun’s corona into interplanetary space, and therefore the accuracy of the MFR prediction compared to in situ data at PSP. There is no obvious best combination of input magnetogram and PFSS source surface height.
Conclusions. The OSPREI model is moderately sensitive to the input photospheric and coronal conditions. Based on where the source region of the CME is located on the Sun, there may be best practices when selecting an input magnetogram to use.
Key words: Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs) / Sun: photosphere / Sun: magnetic fields / solar wind
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© The Authors 2023
Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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