Issue |
A&A
Volume 670, February 2023
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | A6 | |
Number of page(s) | 4 | |
Section | Planets and planetary systems | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202245106 | |
Published online | 27 January 2023 |
The Curie line in protoplanetary disks and the formation of Mercury-like planets
1
University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Physics,
Lotharstr. 1,
47057
Duisburg, Germany
e-mail: tabea.bogdan@uni-due.de
2
University of Duisburg-Essen and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), Faculty of Physics,
Lotharstr. 1
47057
Duisburg, Germany
Received:
30
September
2022
Accepted:
14
November
2022
In laboratory experiments, we heated chondritic material up to 1400 K in a hydrogen atmosphere. Mössbauer spectroscopy and magnetometry reveal that, at high temperatures, metallic iron forms from silicates. The transition temperature is about 1200 K after 1 h of tempering, likely decreasing to about 1000 K for longer tempering. This implies that in a region of high temperatures within protoplanetary disks, inward drifting solids will generally be a reservoir of metallic iron. Magnetic aggregation of iron-rich matter then occurs within the magnetic field of the disk. However, the Curie temperature of iron, 1041 K, is a rather sharp discriminator that separates the disk into a region of strong magnetic interactions of ferromagnetic particles and a region of weak paramagnetic properties. We call this position in the disk the Curie line. Magnetic aggregation will be turned on and off here. On the outer, ferromagnetic side of the Curie line, large clusters of iron-rich particles grow and might be prone to streaming instabilities. To the inside of the Curie line, these clusters dissolve, but that generates a large number density that might also be beneficial for planetesimal formation by gravitational instability. One way or the other, the Curie line may define a preferred region for the formation of iron-rich bodies.
Key words: protoplanetary disks / planets and satellites: formation / magnetic fields / planets and satellites: terrestrial planets
© The Authors 2023
Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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