Optical microflares in LS I +61 303 and the search for their multiwavelength counterpart

¹ Departamento de Física (EPSJ), Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, A3, 23071 Jaén, Spain
e-mail: emestre@ujaen.es
² Departamento de Ciencias Integradas, Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Física, Matemática y Computación, Universidad de Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
³ Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica y Minera (EPSJ), Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, A3, 23071 Jaén, Spain
⁴ Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica, Institut de Ciències del Cosmos (ICCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, IEEC-UB, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
⁵ Observatori Fabra, Reial Acadèmia de Ciències i Arts de Barcelona, Rambla dels Estudis, 115, 08002 Barcelona, Spain

Received: 12 February 2022
Accepted: 29 April 2022

Abstract

Context. Stellar sources of gamma rays are one of the front lines in modern astrophysics whose understanding can benefit from observational tools not originally designed for their study.

Aims. We take advantage of the high precision photometric capabilities of present-day space facilities to obtain a new perspective on the optical behavior of the X-ray and gamma-ray binary LS I +61 303. Previously unknown phenomena whose effects manifest with amplitudes below 0.01 magnitude can now be clearly observed and studied.

Methods. Our work is mainly based on the analysis of optical and gamma-ray archival data and uses the tools recommended by the different collaborations that provide these valuable observational resources (in particular, the TESS and Fermi orbiting observatories). In addition, complementary ground-based optical spectroscopy has also been conducted.

Results. We report the discovery of small-amplitude optical flares on timescales of a day in the LS I +61 303 light curve. Different alternative scenarios to explain their origin are tentatively proposed.