| Issue |
A&A
Volume 655, November 2021
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Article Number | A74 | |
| Number of page(s) | 18 | |
| Section | Atomic, molecular, and nuclear data | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202141190 | |
| Published online | 22 November 2021 | |
Sulfur ion irradiation experiments simulating space weathering of Solar System body surfaces
Organosulfur compound formation★
1
Université Aix-Marseille, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moléculaires (PIIM), Marseille,
France
e-mail: gregoire.danger@univ-amu.fr
2
Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy,
Butenandtstr. 5-13,
81377
Munich,
Germany
e-mail: alexander.ruf@cup.uni-muenchen.de
3
Helmholtz Zentrum München, Analytical BioGeoChemistry,
Neuherberg,
Germany
4
Technische Universität München, Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry,
Freising-Weihenstephan,
Germany
5
Centre de Recherche sur les Ions, les Matériaux et la Photonique (CEA/CNRS/ENSICAEN/UCBN), CIMAP, CIRIL,
GANIL Caen,
France
6
Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, CNES, LAM,
Marseille,
France
7
Institut Universitaire de France (IUF),
Paris, France
Received:
27
April
2021
Accepted:
4
September
2021
Context. Sulfur (S) is of prime interest in the context of (astro)chemical evolution and habitability. However, the origin of S-bearing organic compounds in the Solar System is still not well constrained.
Aims. We carried out laboratory experiments to test whether complex organosulfur compounds can be formed when surfaces of icy Solar System bodies are subject to high-energy S ions.
Methods. Non-S-bearing organic residues, formed during the processing of astrophysical H2O:CH3OH:NH3-bearing ice analogs, were irradiated with 105 keV-S7+ ions at 10 K and analyzed by high-resolving FT-ICR-MS. The resulting data were comprehensively analyzed, including network analysis tools.
Results. Out of several thousands of detected compounds, 16% contain at least one sulfur atom (organosulfur (CHNOS) compounds), as verified via isotopic fine structures. These residue-related organosulfur compounds are different from those formed during the S ion irradiation of ices at 10 K. Furthermore, insoluble, apolar material was formed during the sulfur irradiation of residues. Potential organosulfur precursors (CHNO molecules) were identified by means of molecular networks.
Conclusions. This evidence of organosulfur compounds formed by sulfur irradiation of organic residues sheds new light onto the rich and complex scope of pristine organosulfur chemistry in the Solar System, presented in the context of current and future space missions. These results indicate that the space weathering of Solar System bodies may lead to the formation of organosulfur compounds.
Key words: solid state: refractory / minor planets, asteroids: general / comets: general / methods: laboratory: molecular / astrochemistry / astrobiology
Tables C.1 and C.2 are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/655/A74
© A. Ruf et al. 2021
Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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