New low-mass members of Chamaeleon I and ϵ Cha

¹ CENTRA, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
e-mail: karolina.kubiak@sim.ul.pt
² School of Physics & Astronomy, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY169SS, UK

Received: 12 November 2020
Accepted: 7 February 2021

Abstract

Aims. The goal of this paper is to increase the membership list of the Chamaeleon star-forming region and the ϵ Cha moving group, in particular for low-mass stars and substellar objects. We extended the search region significantly beyond the dark clouds.

Methods. Our sample has been selected based on proper motions and colours obtained from Gaia and 2MASS. We present and discuss the optical spectroscopic follow-up of 18 low-mass stellar objects in Cha I and ϵ Cha. We characterize the properties of objects by deriving their physical parameters from spectroscopy and photometry.

Results. We add three more low-mass members to the list of Cha I and increase the census of known ϵ Cha members by more than 40%, thereby spectroscopically confirming 13 new members and relying on X-ray emission as youth indicator for 2 more. In most cases the best-fitting spectral template is from objects in the TW Hya association, indicating that ϵ Cha has a similar age. The first estimate of the slope of the initial mass function in ϵ Cha down to the substellar regime is consistent with that of other young clusters. We estimate our initial mass function (IMF) to be complete down to ≈0.03 M_⊙. The IMF can be represented by two power laws: for M < 0.5 M_⊙ α = 0.42 ± 0.11 and for M > 0.5 M_⊙ α = 1.44 ± 0.12.

Conclusions. We find similarities between ϵ Cha and the southernmost part of Lower Centaurus Crux (LCC A0), which lie at similar distances and share the same proper motions. This suggests that ϵ Cha and LCC A0 may have been born during the same star formation event